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General Surgery

General Surgery

The deepest current public collection: common surgical presentations and diseases organised by clinical family rather than as one long list.

Recommended start The Acute Abdomen

22 lessons5 topic groupsFree to read

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Topic 01 6 lessons

Acute abdomen & intestinal emergencies

A presentation-to-pathology sequence for common emergency abdominal stations.

  1. The Acute Abdomen

    A structured MRCS approach to the acute abdomen: immediate threats, pain mechanisms, focused history and examination, red flags, targeted imaging and safe escalation.

    14 min readActive recall
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  2. Acute Appendicitis

    Acute appendicitis for MRCS: applied anatomy, migratory pain, scoring, imaging, laparoscopic appendicectomy, antibiotics-first selection and complicated appendicitis.

    14 min readActive recall
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  3. Bowel Obstruction

    MRCS bowel obstruction lesson covering small versus large bowel obstruction, closed loop and strangulation, CT assessment, immediate management and adhesive SBO escalation.

    13 min readActive recall
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  4. Gastrointestinal Perforation

    MRCS-focused gastrointestinal perforation: free versus contained leaks, resuscitation, CT, antibiotics, operative source control and anastomosis-versus-stoma reasoning.

    12 min readActive recall
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  5. Colonic Volvulus

    Sigmoid and caecal volvulus for MRCS: CT diagnosis, bowel-ischaemia red flags, endoscopic detorsion, definitive sigmoid resection and operative caecal management.

    10 min readActive recall
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  6. Diverticular Disease & Acute Diverticulitis

    Diverticular disease for MRCS: definitions, CT/Hinchey severity, selective antibiotics, >3 cm abscess strategy, perforation, fistula and diverticular bleeding.

    13 min readActive recall
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Topic 02 7 lessons

Upper GI & oesophagus

Progress from symptom and reflux physiology to premalignant disease and upper-GI cancer.

  1. Dysphagia

    A practical MRCS guide to dysphagia: oropharyngeal versus oesophageal, solids versus liquids, aspiration risk, cancer red flags, OGD, barium studies and manometry.

    11 min readActive recall
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  2. Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease (GORD)

    MRCS-focused GORD: anti-reflux physiology, alarm symptoms, PPI strategy, reflux testing, manometry and principles of anti-reflux surgery.

    12 min readActive recall
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  3. Barrett's Oesophagus

    Barrett's oesophagus for MRCS: definition, Prague C&M, Seattle biopsies, surveillance intervals, dysplasia confirmation, endoscopic resection and radiofrequency ablation.

    12 min readActive recall
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  4. Hiatus Hernia

    Hiatus hernia for MRCS: types I–IV, reflux versus mechanical symptoms, Cameron lesions, CT in acute volvulus and principles of paraoesophageal hernia repair.

    10 min readActive recall
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  5. Oesophageal Cancer

    Oesophageal cancer for MRCS: SCC versus adenocarcinoma, dysphagia referral, OGD biopsy, CT/PET-CT, early endoscopic cancer and oesophagectomy principles.

    13 min readActive recall
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  6. Peptic Ulcer Disease

    Peptic ulcer disease for MRCS: H. pylori, NSAIDs, gastric-ulcer biopsy, eradication, bleeding, perforation and gastric outlet obstruction.

    12 min readActive recall
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  7. Gastric Cancer

    Gastric cancer for MRCS: presentation, OGD biopsy, CT, staging laparoscopy, subtotal versus total gastrectomy, D2 lymphadenectomy and post-gastrectomy nutrition.

    13 min readActive recall
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Topic 03 2 lessons

Groin hernias

Clinical groin-hernia lessons designed to be read alongside the applied anatomy cluster.

  1. Inguinal Hernia

    Clinical inguinal hernia for MRCS: direct versus indirect, watchful waiting, Lichtenstein, TEP/TAPP, recurrence planes, chronic pain and consent.

    12 min readActive recall
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  2. Femoral Hernia

    Femoral hernia for MRCS: femoral ring boundaries, surface anatomy, Richter hernia, emergency CT and principles of open or laparo-endoscopic repair.

    10 min readActive recall
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Topic 04 3 lessons

IBD & colorectal disease

Inflammatory bowel disease, diverticular disease and malignancy linked by complications and surgical relevance.

  1. Crohn's Disease

    Crohn's disease for MRCS: Montreal phenotype, diagnosis, strictures, abscesses, perianal fistula, bowel-sparing surgery and postoperative recurrence.

    14 min readActive recall
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  2. Ulcerative Colitis

    Ulcerative colitis for MRCS: Montreal extent, Truelove and Witts, mesalazine, acute severe UC day-3 decision, rescue therapy, colectomy and IPAA.

    14 min readActive recall
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  3. Colorectal Cancer

    Colorectal cancer for MRCS: symptom patterns, symptomatic FIT, colonoscopy, CT, rectal MRI, MMR/MSI testing, colectomy and TME principles.

    15 min readActive recall
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Topic 05 4 lessons

Anorectal disease

Common anorectal conditions connected to the anal-canal anatomy that explains symptoms and procedures.

  1. Haemorrhoids

    Haemorrhoids for MRCS: anal cushions, Goligher grading, rectal bleeding red flags, rubber-band ligation, haemorrhoidectomy and thrombosed external disease.

    12 min readActive recall
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  2. Anal Fissure

    Anal fissure for MRCS: acute versus chronic fissure, atypical red flags, stool regulation, topical GTN/diltiazem, Botox and lateral internal sphincterotomy.

    11 min readActive recall
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  3. Anorectal Abscess

    Anorectal abscess for MRCS: perianal, intersphincteric, ischioanal and supralevator spaces, drainage, imaging, antibiotics, packing and fistula follow-up.

    11 min readActive recall
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  4. Fistula-in-Ano

    Fistula-in-ano for MRCS: cryptoglandular origin, Parks classification, MRI, setons, fistulotomy, LIFT, advancement flap and Crohn-associated fistula.

    13 min readActive recall
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